ABSTRACT
Several clinical trials have evaluated the efficacy and safety of baricitinib in COVID-19 patients. Recently, there have been reports on critical patients, which are different from previous research results. Studies were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases on January 31, 2023. We performed a meta-analysis to estimate the efficacy and safety of baricitinib for the treatment of hospitalised adults with COVID-19. This study is registered with INPLASY , number 202310086. A total of 3010 patients were included in our analyses. All included studies were randomized controlled trials or prospective study. There was no difference in 14-day mortality between the two groups (OR 0.23 [95% CI 0.03–1.84], I²=72%, P=0.17). In subgroup analyses we found that baricitinib did not seem to improve significantly in 24-day mortality critically ill patients (OR 0.60 [95% CI 0.35–1.02], I²=0%, P=0.06). Fortunately, baricitinib have led to faster recovery and shorter hospital stays for COVID-19 patients. There were no difference in infections and infestations, major adverse cardiovascular events, deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Baricitinib is safe. At the same time, we can find that it reduces the mortality of COVID-19 patients, but the prognosis of the critically ill patients is not significantly improved.
Subject(s)
Pulmonary Embolism , Critical Illness , COVID-19 , Tick Infestations , Venous ThrombosisABSTRACT
CoronaVac (Sinovac), an inactivated vaccine for SARS-CoV-2, has been widely used for immunization. However, analysis of the underlying molecular mechanisms driving CoronaVac-induced immunity is still limited. Here, we applied a systems biology approach to understand the mechanisms behind the adaptive immune response to CoronaVac in a cohort of 50 volunteers immunized with 2 doses of CoronaVac. Vaccination with CoronaVac led to an integrated immune response that included several effector arms of the adaptive immune system including specific IgM/IgG, humoral response and other immune response, as well as the innate immune system as shown by complement activation. Metabolites associated with immunity were also identified implicating the role of metabolites in the humoral response, complement activation and other immune response. Networks associated with the TCA cycle and amino acids metabolic pathways, such as phenylalanine metabolism, phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism were tightly coupled with immunity. Critically, we constructed a multifactorial response network (MRN) to analyze the underlying interactions and compared the signatures affected by CoronaVac immunization and SARS-CoV-2 infection to further identify immune signatures and related metabolic pathways altered by CoronaVac immunization. These results suggest that protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 can be achieved via multiple mechanisms and highlights the utility of a systems biology approach in defining molecular correlates of protection to vaccination.
Subject(s)
COVID-19ABSTRACT
At the beginning of 2020, the whole world suffered from the new coronavirus (COVID-19). Wearing a mask was believed to reduce the spread of the virus. The core material of a mask required good air permeability and efficient filtration. Electrospun materials may match these requirments. By electrospinning, we prepared polyvinyl butyral (PVB)/berberine hydrochloride (BH) membranes onto the spunbonded nonwovens. The composite meshes showed a porous structures, good air permeability (164±16 mm/s) and air filtration efficiency 96.4% for PM 0.3, 100% for PM 2.5, with pressure drop (108 Pa). Moreover, with the addition of BH, the as-spun membranes showed good antibacterial property for staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, the prepared PVB/berberine membranes had good hydrophobicity with water contact angle higher than 140°. These results indicated that the fabricated PVB/berberine membranes have potential applications in mask and air filtration.